I don't know about the date and wallpaper change, but the dialog boxes have something to do with your Firewall preferences. Go to System Preferences>Security>Firewall. There you'll find options to either let all incoming network connections through, only selected ones, etc.
But first you should find out just what these applications are before letting them connect to your computer. I've never seen them before, so maybe someone else can help you figure them out.
It seems that "configd" has something to do with the Mac's Unix underpinnings. I found this link:
What is configd and why is it running on my Mac?
"configd 'Maintains dynamic configuration information about the computer and its environment (e.g. network).'"
MDNSResponder seems to be part of Bonjour and is also related to network connections, as explained here.
Bonjour - Frequently Asked Questions
"mDNSResponder is a Bonjour system service that implements Multicast DNS Service Discovery for discovery of services on the local network, and Unicast DNS Service Discovery for discovery of services anywhere in the world. mDNSResponder is built into Mac OS X and can be downloaded as part of Bonjour for Windows. Applications like iTunes, iPhoto, iChat and Safari use mDNSResponder to implement zero-configuration network music sharing, photo sharing, chatting and file sharing, and discovery of remote user interfaces for hardware devices like printers and web cameras."
It would seem to me that it's okay to allow these two processes, but you might want a second opinion on that.