Getting music on my iPhone

Although I have synced my phone with iTunes I have no music on my phone. I have used home sharing and through that my music can be played, but if I want to set a song on my alarm I can't because the music is not on my phone. I called in the Apple store today and they told me that if I switched from home sharing on the phone to the phone account and synced my music would be copied to my phone. Well I did that and it didn't work, I just got a 3 second sync and no music. IoS 6 is new and iTunes is new and things are no where they used to be. Can anyone help?

Sorry, can you explain your setup a bit more, especially re your home sharing setup.

But, just as an aside. You can't use tracks as alarms unless you convert it to a ringtone