Will Garageband recognize which keys I'm pressing if I'm using an MIDI/USB Keyboard?

This may be a little hard to describe but I'm going to try the best I can. If I connect a USB keyboard as apposed to a normal MIDI keyboard, will Garageband recognize which keys I'm pressing? For example, with a USB keyboard, in the Learn to Play feature, if I play along with the instructor, will the computer know which keys I'm pressing? Will it know which keys I'm pressing if I use an MIDI keyboard (no USB) with an MIDI to USB adapter? Or will it just allow me to hear the sounds through the computer. Thanks in advance for your help.