If you have jailbroken your iPhone, your default root password is “alpine.”

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i got this from Crunchgear

Dear iPhone Users:

Change your iPhone root password. If you have jailbroken your iPhone, your default root password is “alpine.” This puts you at a distinct security disadvantage when connected to open networks as it allows the nefarious to browse your entire iPhone with impunity.

To change your password, first runt his perl command:

openssl passwd -crypt -salt /s [password]

Where [password] is your new password. The script will return a number of random characters followed by “.io” The characters before “.io” is your encrypted password. Here is a full How-To.

The edit the file /etc/master.passwd line that gives the information for root on the iPhone. This means you need to ssh into your iPhone and run vi. If you don’t know how to do this, restore your iPhone immediately and leave it unjailbroken until you figure out the command line.

root:[encrypted password]:0:0::0:0:System Administrator:/var/root:/bin/sh

Where [encrypted password] is the password returned above. Failure to do this will result in someone looking at your stuff.

More info at Crunchgear: CrunchGear » Archive » A friendly reminder from CrunchGear to all iPhone users
 
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This is somewhat old news.

In fact, when they release OS 2.2 in a few weeks time, the default password will be changed to TIMBERLINE.

Thats nothing official, but stated by the iPhone Dev-Team, while they were testing the developer release of 2.2 beta.
 
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The password has been alpine since the days of the 1.1.1 firmware. It was something else for the 1.0 through 1.02 firmwares. I'm surprised they kept it as alpine when 2.0 came out.
 

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